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Clearance Starts Before Arrival
U.S. import clearance includes ISF filing, arrival notice review, entry filing, duty payment, CBP release, and final pickup. Delays often happen because the commercial invoice, packing list, HTS code, importer record, bond, or ISF data is incomplete.
Standard Process
| Step | Description | Risk |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Document Prep | Invoice, packing list, B/L, product details | Vague descriptions, inconsistent values |
| 2. ISF Filing | Importer Security Filing for ocean shipments | Late filing may result in ,000 penalty |
| 3. Arrival Notice | Confirm ETA, charges, pickup info | Missing free time deadlines |
| 4. Entry Filing | Customs broker files entry with CBP | HTS code/IOR/bond errors |
| 5. Duties & Exams | Pay duties; CBP may examine cargo | Exam fees, detention charges |
| 6. Release & Pickup | Arrange drayage after CBP release | Terminal appointments, warehouse timing |
Document Checklist
- Commercial Invoice — Buyer, seller, description, materials, quantity, unit price, total, currency
- Packing List — Carton count, weight, dimensions, pallet info
- Bill of Lading — Carrier, vessel, container number, destination port
- HTS Code — US tariff classification, determines duty rate
- Importer of Record / EIN — Tax ID for the importing entity
- Customs Bond — Single entry or continuous bond
Common Questions
Who is responsible for ISF? Usually filed by the importer or their customs broker, but legal liability rests with the importer.
When do I know the duty amount? Depends on HTS code, declared value, country of origin, and trade measures. Your broker can estimate before filing.
What if CBP examines my cargo? Transit may be delayed and exam fees may apply. Good documentation reduces but does not eliminate exam risk.
